ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Previously, we developed a novel Coronary Artery Tree description and Lesion EvaluaTion (CatLet©) angiographic scoring system, which was capable of accounting for the variability in the coronary anatomy and assisting in the risk-stratification of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our preliminary study revealed that the CatLet score better predicted clinical outcomes for AMI patients than the Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score. However, the reproducibility of the CatLet score in both inter- and intra-observer remains to be evaluated.@*METHODS@#A total of 30 consecutive AMI patients, admitted in September of 2015, were independently assessed by two experienced interventional cardiologists to evaluate the inter-observer reproducibility of the CatLet score. Another set of 49 consecutive AMI patients, admitted between September and October in 2014, were assessed by one of the two interventional cardiologists on two occasions 3 months apart to evaluate the intra-observer reproducibility of the CatLet score. The weighted kappa was used to express the degree of agreement.@*RESULTS@#The weighted kappa values (95% confidence interval) for the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of the CatLet Score were 0.82 (0.59-1.00, Z = 7.23, P 22). Regarding the adverse characteristics pertinent to lesions and dominance parameters, the kappa values for the inter-observer variability were 0.80 (0.56-1.00, Z = 6.47, P < 0.001) for total number of lesions, 0.57 (0.28-0.85, Z = 3.03, P < 0.001) for bifurcation, 0.69 (0.43-0.96, Z = 5.06, P < 0.001) for heavy calcification, 1.00 (0.72-1.00, Z = 6.93, P < 0.001) for tortuosity, 0.54 (0.26-0.82, Z = 3.78, P < 0.001) for thrombus, 0.69 (0.48-0.91, Z = 6.29, P < 0.001) for right coronary artery dominance, 0.69 (0.41-0.96, Z = 4.91, P < 0.001) for left anterior descending artery length, and 0.22 (0.06-0.51, Z = 1.56, P = 0.06) for diagonal size. Equivalent values for the intra-observer variability were moderate to almost perfect (range 0.54-1.00).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The reproducibility of the CatLet angiographic scoring system for evaluation of the coronary angiograms ranged from substantial to excellent. The high reproducibility of the CatLet angiographic scoring system will boost its clinical application to patients with AMI.
Subject(s)
Humans , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease , Myocardial Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , TreesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neuroprotective effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA) on the injury of PC12 cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion, and the effect on the expression of metrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in PC12 cells. METHODS: The PC12 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD), and recoveried for different times. The PC12 cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release were seperately detected by MTT assays and LDH detecting kits, the apoptotic cells were double stained by propidumiodid(PI) and Hoechst33342, and the expression of MMP-9 was detected by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, in OGD 4 h-R 2 h group, cell viability significantly decreased to, (P<0.01). Whereas HSYA improved the injuries induced by OGD-R, reflected on the obvious increased cell viability and reduced releasing of LDH (P<0.01) at the concentration of 1 μmol·L-1. And the result stained by PI and Hoechst33342 showed that HSYA also markedly inhibited the apoptosis of PC12 cell induced by OGD-R, which decreased to(19.7±7.5)% in HSYA 1 μmol·L-1 group(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the expression of active MMP-9 induced by OGD-R was decreased after the treatment of HSYA, similar to positive control edaravone. CONCLUSION: It is proved that HSYA protects the injury and inhibits the apoptosis induced by OGD-R in PC12 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of active MMP-9 expression.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate protective effect of minocycline,a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative on different traumatic brain injuries in rats and mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The opened brain trauma was induced in rats and the closed head injury and cold brain injury were induced in mice. In 3 brain trauma models, minocycline (45 mg/kg, ip) was administered twice daily for 2 d before the operation, at 30 min before and 1 h after the operation, and once daily for 2 d following the operation (totally 8 doses in 5 d). After the operation, the behavioral alteration was observed daily, lesion area and survival neuron density were measured at the end of the experiments (14 d after the injuries).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>For rat opened traumatic injury, minocycline promoted the recovery of hindlimb motor activity (inclined board angle), but did not alter other indexes. For mouse closed head traumatic injury, minocycline reduced the neuron loss, but did not improve behavioral dysfunction. For mouse cold injury-induced trauma, minocycline reduced death rate and lesion area, but did not remarkably improve behavior and neuron loss.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Minocycline only has an incomplete neuroprotective effect on different brain traumatic injuries in rats and mice.</p>